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Folquet de Marseille

(Encyclopedia)Folquet de Marseille fôlkāˈ də märsāˈyə [key], 1150–1231, Provençal troubadour. He took orders, rose to be archbishop of Toulouse, and became notorious as the chief prosecutor in Provence o...

Jouvenel, Henry de

(Encyclopedia)Jouvenel, Henry de äNrēˈ də zho͞ovənĕlˈ [key], 1876–1935, French statesman and journalist. Although from an early age influential in politics, he refused to join a party, claiming that exist...

Juiz de Fora

(Encyclopedia)Juiz de Fora zhwēzh dĭ fôˈrə [key], city (1996 pop. 423,913), Minas Gerais state, SE Brazil. It is an industrial and commercial city with more than half of the labor force engaged in textile prod...

Jocelin de Brakelond

(Encyclopedia)Jocelin de Brakelond jŏsˈlĭn də brākˈlŏnd [key], fl. 1200, English chronicler, a monk of Bury St. Edmunds. His chronicle of St. Edmund's Abbey, covering the years 1173–1202, is written in a s...

Maupassant, Guy de

(Encyclopedia)Maupassant, Guy de gē də mōpäsäNˈ [key], 1850–93, French novelist and short-story writer, of an ancient Norman family. He worked in a government office at Paris and became known c.1880 as the ...

Medici, Alessandro de'

(Encyclopedia)Medici, Alessandro de' mĕˈdĭchē, Ital. māˈdēchē [key], 1510?–37, duke of Florence (1532–37); probably an illegitimate son of Lorenzo de' Medici, duke of Urbino. His prominence began when ...

Medici, Cosimo de'

(Encyclopedia)Medici, Cosimo de' dā mĕˈdĭchē, Ital. māˈdēchē [key], 1389–1464, Italian merchant prince, first of the Medici family to rule Florence. He is often called Cosimo the Elder. After the death ...

Medici, Cosimo I de'

(Encyclopedia)Medici, Cosimo I de', 1519–74, duke of Florence (1537–69), grand duke of Tuscany (1569–74); son of Giovanni de' Medici (Giovanni delle Bande Nere). In 1537, Lorenzino de' Medici murdered Cosimo'...

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