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Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe

(Encyclopedia)Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe rənāˈ tāôfēlˈ yäsaNtˈ läānĕkˈ [key], 1781–1826, French physician. While connected with the Necker Hospital in Paris he invented the stethoscope, whi...

Marie Antoinette

(Encyclopedia)Marie Antoinette ăntwənĕtˈ, äNtwänĕtˈ [key], 1755–93, queen of France, wife of King Louis XVI and daughter of Austrian Archduchess Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. She was mar...

Montmagny, Charles Jacques Huault de

(Encyclopedia)Montmagny, Charles Jacques Huault de shärl zhäk üōˈ də môNmänyēˈ [key], fl.1622–54, governor of New France (1636–48). He was an administrator in New France from 1632 and succeeded Samuel...

Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandre

(Encyclopedia)Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandre zhäk ātyĕnˈzhôzĕfˈ älĕksäNˈdrə mäkdônälˈ [key], 1765–1840, marshal of France, of Scottish descent. He distinguished himself in the French...

Halévy, Jacques François Fromental Élie

(Encyclopedia)Halévy, Jacques François Fromental Élie älāvēˈ [key], 1799–1862, French operatic composer. He studied with Cherubini at the Paris Conservatory, where he became a professor in 1827. Halévy's...

Cambacérès, Jean Jacques Régis de

(Encyclopedia)Cambacérès, Jean Jacques Régis de zhäN zhäk rāzhēsˈ də käNbäsārĕsˈ [key], 1753–1824, French revolutionary and legislator. He was deputy to the National Convention and to the Council of...

Brissot de Warville, Jacques Pierre

(Encyclopedia)Brissot de Warville, Jacques Pierre zhäk pyĕr brēsōˈ də värvēlˈ [key], 1754–93, French revolutionary and journalist. He began his career by writing numerous pamphlets and books. His Théori...

Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes, Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes, Jacques də krĕvkörˈ də pĕrt [key], 1788–1868, French writer and archaeologist. He was the first to provide evidence that humans had existed in the Pleistocen...

Caffieri

(Encyclopedia)Caffieri Fr. käfyārēˈ, Ital. käf-fyāˈrē [key], French family of artists. Philippe Caffieri, 1634–1716, left Italy to enter the service of Louis XIV at the Gobelin factory. He and a son, Jacq...

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