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Nollet, Jean Antoine

(Encyclopedia)Nollet, Jean Antoine zhäN äNtwänˈ nôlāˈ [key], 1700–1770, French clergyman, experimental physicist, and leading member of the Paris Academy of Science. He constructed one of the first electro...

Oberlin, Jean Frédéric

(Encyclopedia)Oberlin, Jean Frédéric zhäN frādārēkˈ ôbĕrlăNˈ [key], 1740–1826, Alsatian Lutheran clergyman. He was appointed in 1767 to a pastorate in Ban-de-la-Roche, Bas-Rhin dept., France. Oberlin i...

Gérôme, Jean Léon

(Encyclopedia)Gérôme, Jean Léon zhäN lāôNˈ zhārōmˈ [key], 1824–1904, French historical and genre painter. He enjoyed a successful career in his day. He studied with Delaroche and adhered to academic tec...

Flandrin, Hippolyte Jean

(Encyclopedia)Flandrin, Hippolyte Jean ēpôlētˈ zhäN fläNdrăNˈ [key] 1809–64, French painter; student and follower of Ingres. Influenced by the primitivism of Giotto, he is best known for his religious pai...

Stafford, Jean

(Encyclopedia)Stafford, Jean, 1915–79, American writer, b. Covina, Calif., grad. Univ. of Colorado, 1936. Her literary reputation rests primarily on her exquisitely wrought short stories. Both these and her novel...

Dunant, Jean Henri

(Encyclopedia)Dunant, Jean Henri zhäN äNrēˈ dünäNˈ [key], 1828–1910, Swiss philanthropist and founder of the International Red Cross, b. Geneva. In 1862 appeared his Un souvenir de Solférino (tr. The Orig...

Labat, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia)Labat, Jean Baptiste zhäN bätēstˈ läbäˈ [key], 1663–1738, French Dominican missionary. Sent to the West Indies, he explored the islands, he was largely responsible for the permanent establish...

Santerre, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia)Santerre, Jean Baptiste zhäN bätēstˈ säNtĕrˈ [key], 1651–1717, French figure and portrait painter. He was known for allegorical portraits and his rococo use of nude figures. He founded a draw...

Chaptal, Jean Antoine

(Encyclopedia)Chaptal, Jean Antoine zhäN äNtwänˈ shäptälˈ [key], 1756–1832, French chemist, industrialist, and statesman. He became (1781) professor of chemistry at Montpellier, and during the Revolution h...

Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène Emmanuel

(Encyclopedia)Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène Emmanuel özhĕnˈ ĕmänüĕlˈ vyôlāˈ-lə-dük [key], 1814–79, French architect and writer. He was the most prominent exponent of the Gothic revival in France, and was i...