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Biron, Ernst Johann von

(Encyclopedia)Biron or Biren, Ernst Johann von ĕrnst yōhänˈ fən bēˈrôn, bēˈrən [key], 1690–1772, duke of Courland (1737–43, 1763–69), favorite of Czarina Anna of Russia. A Baltic nobleman, he rose ...

Bernstorff, Johann Hartwig Ernst

(Encyclopedia)Bernstorff, Johann Hartwig Ernst bĕrnsˈtôrf [key], 1712–72, Danish politician, of German (Hanoverian) origin. As minister of foreign affairs (1751–70) under Frederick V and Christian VII, he s...

Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm yōˈhän hīnˈrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm tĭshˈbīn [key], 1751–1829, German classical painter and etcher. He was a popular portrait painter of the German royalty. He al...

Schultze, Max Johann Sigismund

(Encyclopedia)Schultze, Max Johann Sigismund mäks yōˈhän zēˈgĭsmo͝ond sho͝olˈtsə [key], 1825–74, German biologist, director of the Anatomical Institute at Bonn from 1859. He established that the cells ...

Richter, Johann Paul Friedrich

(Encyclopedia)Richter, Johann Paul Friedrich rĭkhˈtər [key], pseud. Jean Paul, 1763–1825, German novelist. He studied theology at the Univ. of Leipzig and later taught in that city. His novels combine the ide...

Bach

(Encyclopedia)Bach bäkh [key], German family of distinguished musicians who flourished from the 16th through the 18th cent., its most renowned member being Johann Sebastian Bach (see separate articleBach, Johann S...

Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf

(Encyclopedia)Conrad von Hötzendorf, Franz, Graf fränts gräf kônˈrät fən höˈtsəndôrf [key], 1852–1925, Austro-Hungarian field marshal. He served (1906–11, 1912–17) as chief of staff and led the Aus...

Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von

(Encyclopedia)Biber, Heinrich Ignaz Franz von hīnˈrĭkh ĭgˈnäts fränts fən bēˈbər [key], 1644–1704, Austrian musician. Biber was one of the first notable Central European violinists and may have been th...

Trenck, Franz, Freiherr von der

(Encyclopedia)Trenck, Franz, Freiherr von der fränts frīˈhĕr fən dĕr trĕngk [key], 1711–49, Austrian officer and adventurer, b. Reggio di Calabria, Italy. A daring soldier known for his duels and love affa...

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