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Lafargue, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Lafargue, Paul pôl läfärgˈ [key], 1842–1911, French socialist, b. Cuba; son-in-law of Karl Marx. With Jules Guesde he helped found a Marxist socialist party in France. His many writings, which w...

Hallé, Sir Charles

(Encyclopedia)Hallé, Sir Charles hălˈē [key], 1819–95, German-English conductor and pianist, originally named Karl Halle. In 1857 he founded the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester, England He conducted many music...

Spitzweg, Carl

(Encyclopedia)Spitzweg, Carl kärl shpĭtsˈvĕk [key], 1808–85, German genre painter and draftsman. Self-taught, he depicted the daily life of his native Munich in small, charming pictures in which realism, fanc...

Mayröcker, Friederike

(Encyclopedia) Mayröcker, Friederike, 1924-2021, German-language poet, b. Vienna, Austria. Mayröcker served in World War II as a secretary in the German airforce a...

Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra

(Encyclopedia)Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra, St. Louis, Mo. Founded in 1880, it is the country's second-oldest orchestra (the New York Philharmonic is the oldest). It performed in the Kiel Opera House until 1966, ...

collage

(Encyclopedia)collage kəläzhˈ, kō– [key] [Fr.,=pasting], technique in art consisting of cutting and pasting natural or manufactured materials to a painted or unpainted surface—hence, a work of art in this m...

Houston Symphony

(Encyclopedia)Houston Symphony. Founded in 1913 with 33 players, the orchestra reorganized in 1930 and presented its first full season of concerts in 1931. Among its important conductors have been Ernst Hoffmann (1...

Binnig, Gerd

(Encyclopedia)Binnig, Gerd gĕrt bĭnˈĭkh [key], 1947–, German physicist, Ph.D. Univ. of Frankfurt, 1978. At the IBM Research Laboratory in Zürich, Binnig and fellow researcher Heinrich Rohrer built the first ...

Conrad, Michael Georg

(Encyclopedia)Conrad, Michael Georg mĭkhˈäĕl gāˈôrk kônˈrät [key], 1846–1927, German critic and novelist. With Karl Bleibtreu, he founded (1885) the journal Gesellschaft as a rallying point for German w...

Wickram, Jörg

(Encyclopedia)Wickram, Jörg yörk vĭkˈräm [key], c.1505–62, German writer. Wickram wrote Meisterlieder, farces such as Der treue Eckart [faithful Eckart] (1538), biblical drama such as Tobias (1550), and the ...