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Grudziądz

(Encyclopedia)Grudziądz gro͞oˈjôNts [key], Ger. Graudenz, city (1993 est. pop. 103,300), Kujawsko-Pomorskie prov., N central Poland, a port on the Vistula River. Industries include lumber milling, brewing, text...

Plauen

(Encyclopedia)Plauen plouˈən [key], city (1994 pop. 69,387), Saxony, E central Germany, on the White Elster River and at the northwestern foot of the Erzgebirge. It has been a textile-milling center since the 15t...

tournament

(Encyclopedia)tournament or tourney, in the Middle Ages, public contest between armed horsemen in simulation of real battle. In this military game, which flourished from the 12th to the 16th cent., combatants were ...

Akko

(Encyclopedia)Akko āˈkər, äˈ– [key], Fr. Saint-Jean d'Acre, Arab. Acca, city, NW Israel, a port on the Bay of Haifa (an arm of the Mediterranean Sea). Its manufactures include ir...

Gilson, Étienne

(Encyclopedia)Gilson, Étienne ātyĕnˈ zhēlsôNˈ [key], 1884–1978, French philosopher and historian, b. Paris. He taught the history of medieval philosophy at the Sorbonne (1921–32) and then took the chair ...

Pirenne, Henri

(Encyclopedia)Pirenne, Henri äNrēˈ pērĕnˈ [key], 1862–1935, Belgian historian. He was for many years a professor of history at the Univ. of Ghent. A leader of Belgian passive resistance in World War I, he w...

Bédier, Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Bédier, Joseph zhôzĕfˈ bādyāˈ [key], 1864–1938, French authority on medieval literature. He was professor at the Collège de France and a member of the French Academy. His reconstruction, in ...

Tout, Thomas Frederick

(Encyclopedia)Tout, Thomas Frederick tout [key], 1855–1929, English historian. Educated at Oxford, he taught at the Univ. of Manchester from 1890 to 1925. Considered an outstanding authority on medieval history, ...

Powderly, Terence Vincent

(Encyclopedia)Powderly, Terence Vincent, 1849–1924, American labor leader, b. Carbondale, Pa. Apprenticed in a machine shop, he joined (1871) the Machinists and Blacksmiths National Union, becoming its president ...

Gutzkow, Karl Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia)Gutzkow, Karl Ferdinand kärl fĕrˈdēnänt go͝otsˈkō [key], 1811–78, German writer. He entered journalism in 1831 and became a leader of the antiromantic and nationally conscious literary movem...