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Berlinguer, Enrico

(Encyclopedia)Berlinguer, Enrico ənrēkō bûrˈlĭngûr [key], 1922–84, Italian political leader. Born into a wealthy yet politically radical family, Berlinguer joined the Communist party in 1943 and eventually...

Zhelev, Zhelyu Mitev

(Encyclopedia)Zhelev, Zhelyu Mitev, 1935–2015, Bulgarian political leader. Initially a member of the Communist party, he was disciplined for his dissident political views and expelled from the party in 1965. Late...

Protić, Stojan

(Encyclopedia)Protić or Protich, Stojan both: stōˈyän prōˈtĭch [key], 1857–1923, Serbian politician. A leader of the Radical party, he edited a radical newspaper, served in parliament, and after 1903 held ...

Chen Shui-bian

(Encyclopedia)Chen Shui-bian chŭn shwā-byän [key], 1951–, Taiwanese political leader, president of Taiwan (2000–2008). Born into poverty, he obtained his law degree from National Taiwan Univ. in 1975 and pra...

Kaczyński, Lech Aleksander

(Encyclopedia)Kaczyński, Lech Aleksander yärôˈsläf [key], 1949–, Ph.D. Warsaw Univ., first gained public attention as child movie actors. Both were active in the prodemocracy movement of the 1970s, were memb...

Mountain Meadows

(Encyclopedia)Mountain Meadows, small valley in extreme SW Utah, where in 1857 a party of some 140 emigrants bound for California were massacred. It was a period when friction between Mormons and non-Mormons was ac...

Le Pen, Marine

(Encyclopedia)Le Pen, Marine (Marion Anne Perrine Le Pen) lə pĕn, pŏN [key], 1968–, French politician, daughter of Jean-Marie Le Pen. A lawyer, she was in private practice (1992–98) before becoming head of ...

Koizumi, Junichiro

(Encyclopedia)Koizumi, Junichiro jo͝onēˈchērō kōēˈzo͞omē [key], 1942–, Japanese political leader, b. Yokosuka. From a political family, he studied economics at Keio Univ. (grad. 1967). He entered politi...

Kaunda, Kenneth David

(Encyclopedia)Kaunda, Kenneth David kounˈdə [key], 1924–2021, African political leader, president of Zambia ...

Poroshenko, Petro Oleksiyovych

(Encyclopedia)Poroshenko, Petro Oleksiyovych pĕtrôˈ ôlĕksēˈyôvĭch pôrôshĕnˈkô [key], 1965–, Ukrainian political leader and businessman. He studied economics at Kiev State Univ. (grad. 1989) and went...