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Scala, La

(Encyclopedia)Scala, La [Teatro alla Scala], one of the world's great opera houses, located in Milan, Italy. It opened in 1778 with a production of Antonio Salieri's Europa Riconosciuta. Built on the site of the Ch...

Campi, Giulio

(Encyclopedia)Campi, Giulio jo͞oˈlyō kämˈpē [key], c.1500–c.1572, Italian painter and architect, founder of a school of painters at Cremona. He was a pupil of his father, Galeazzo Campi (c.1475–1536), a w...

Certosa di Pavia

(Encyclopedia)Certosa di Pavia chārtôˈzä dē pävēˈä [key], former Carthusian abbey of Pavia. One of the most magnificent of all monastic structures, it has been maintained as a national monument since 1866....

Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra

(Encyclopedia)Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, founded in 1895, gave its first concert the following year under the direction of Frederic Archer. Victor Herbert was the chief conductor from 1898 to 1904; he was succe...

Alberdi, Juan Bautista

(Encyclopedia)Alberdi, Juan Bautista hwän boutēsˈtä älbārˈdē [key], 1810–84, Argentine political philosopher, patriot, and diplomat. He opposed Juan Manuel de Rosas, and after 1838 he spent years of exile...

Guadalupe Victoria

(Encyclopedia)Guadalupe Victoria gwäᵺälo͞oˈpā vēktōrˈyä [key], 1786?–1843, Mexican general, first president of Mexico (1824–29), whose original name was Manuel Félix Fernández. He joined (1811) the...

Morazán, Francisco

(Encyclopedia)Morazán, Francisco fränsēsˈkō mōräsänˈ [key], 1799–1842, Central American statesman, b. Tegucigalpa, Honduras. He led the revolutionary army that overthrew (1829) the regime of Manuel José...

Carondelet, Francisco Luis Hector, baron de

(Encyclopedia)Carondelet, Francisco Luis Hector, baron de fränthēsˈkō lo͞oēsˈ ĕktôrˈ bärōnˈ dā kärōndālĕtˈ [key], c.1748–1807, governor of Louisiana (1791–97) and West Florida (1791–95), b....

Badajoz

(Encyclopedia)Badajoz bäᵺähōthˈ [key], city, capital of Badajoz prov., SW Spain, in Extremadura, on the ...

APRA

(Encyclopedia)APRA äˈprä [key] or the Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana, reformist political party in Peru, also called the Partido Aprista. Founded (1924) by Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre while in exile,...