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Gutiérrez Nájera, Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Gutiérrez Nájera, Manuel mänwĕlˈ go͞otyārˈrās näˈhārä [key], 1859–95, Mexican poet and journalist. One of the precursors of modernismo, he founded the literary periodical Revista Azul. ...

Pando, José Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Pando, José Manuel hōsāˈ mänwĕlˈ pänˈdō [key], 1848?–1917, Bolivian statesman, president of Bolivia (1899–1904). He earned military fame in the War of the Pacific, and in 1898 he joined ...

Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel ēgnäˈsyō mänwĕlˈ ältämēräˈnō [key], 1834–93, Mexican novelist and poet. Altamirano came from a poor family of indigenous descent, and after gaining his formal...

Ferdinand I, king of the Two Sicilies

(Encyclopedia)Ferdinand I, 1751–1825, king of the Two Sicilies (1816–25). He had previously been king of Naples (1759–99, 1799–1805, 1815–16) as Ferdinand IV and king of Sicily (1759–1816) as Ferdinand ...

Noriega, Manuel Antonio

(Encyclopedia)Noriega, Manuel Antonio mänwĕlˈ äntōˈnyō nôryāˈgə [key], 1934–2017, Panamanian general. Commander of the Panamanian Defense Forces from 1983, when he promoted himself to full general, Nor...

Alfonso IX, Spanish king of León

(Encyclopedia)Alfonso IX, 1171–1230, Spanish king of León (1188–1230), son and successor of Ferdinand II. He conquered from the Moors several cities in Extremadura and was frequently at war with Alfonso VIII o...

Falla, Manuel de

(Encyclopedia)Falla, Manuel de mänwĕlˈ dā fäˈlyä [key], 1876–1946, Spanish composer; pupil of Felipe Pedrell. In Paris from 1907 to 1914, he met Debussy, Dukas, and Ravel, and was to some extent influenced...

James II, king of Majorca

(Encyclopedia)James II, 1315–49, king of Majorca (1324–49), count of Roussillon and Cerdagne, lord of Montpellier; grandson of James I, nephew and successor of Sancho IV. In 1329 he declared himself a vassal of...

González Prada, Manuel

(Encyclopedia)González Prada, Manuel mänwĕlˈ gōnsäˈlĕs präˈᵺä [key], 1848–1918, Peruvian writer and political reformer, b. Lima. One of the most brilliant figures in Spanish-American letters, he was ...

Ferdinand I, king of Aragón and Sicily

(Encyclopedia)Ferdinand I, 1379?–1416, king of Aragón and Sicily and count of Barcelona (1412–16), second son of John I of Castile; nephew and successor of Martin of Aragón. In 1406, Ferdinand became regent o...