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Raffet, Denis Auguste Marie

(Encyclopedia)Raffet, Denis Auguste Marie dənēˈ ōgüstˈ märēˈ räfāˈ [key], 1804–60, French lithographer and illustrator; student of Charlet and of Gros. He attained an individual style in his series de...

Chaptal, Jean Antoine

(Encyclopedia)Chaptal, Jean Antoine zhäN äNtwänˈ shäptälˈ [key], 1756–1832, French chemist, industrialist, and statesman. He became (1781) professor of chemistry at Montpellier, and during the Revolution h...

Portoferraio

(Encyclopedia)Portoferraio pôrˈtōfār-räˈyō [key], town (1991 pop. 11,042), Tuscany, Italy, on the north coast of Elba Island. The principal port of Elba, it handles most of the iron shipped from the island. ...

Flèche, La

(Encyclopedia)Flèche, La lä flĕsh [key], town, Sarthe dept., on the Loir River. The town has a few light ...

Drouyn de Lhuys, Édouard

(Encyclopedia)Drouyn de Lhuys, Édouard ādwärˈ dro͞oăNˈ də lüēsˈ [key], 1805–81, French diplomat. He served under the July Monarchy. After the Revolution of 1848, he was president of the committee of fo...

Dzierżoniów

(Encyclopedia)Dzierżoniów jēĕrzhôˈnyo͞of [key], Ger. Reichenbach, town, Dolnośląskie prov., SW Pol...

Stadion, Johann Philipp, Graf von

(Encyclopedia)Stadion, Johann Philipp, Graf von yōˈhän fēˈlĭp gräf fən shtäˈdēôn [key], 1763–1824, Austrian politician. A diplomat, he was made (1805) foreign minister and campaigned for a German upri...

Upper Austria

(Encyclopedia)Upper Austria, Ger. Oberösterreich, province (1991 pop. 1,333,480), 4,625 sq mi (11,979 sq km), NW Austria. Linz is the capital. Bordering on Germany in the west and the Czech Republic in the north, ...

electors

(Encyclopedia)electors, in the history of the Holy Roman Empire, the princes who had the right to elect the German kings or, more exactly, the kings of the Romans (Holy Roman emperors). Until the reign (1493–1519...

Stein, Karl, Freiherr vom und zum

(Encyclopedia)Stein, Karl, Freiherr vom und zum kärl frīˈhĕr fəm o͝ont tso͝om shtīn [key], 1757–1831, Prussian statesman and reformer. Rising through the Prussian bureaucracy, he became minister of commer...