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Noailles, Adrien Maurice, duc de

(Encyclopedia)Noailles, Adrien Maurice, duc de ädrēăNˈ mōrēsˈ dük də nōīˈyə [key], 1678–1766, marshal of France. He fought in the War of the Spanish Succession and was head of the finance council und...

Santerre, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia)Santerre, Jean Baptiste zhäN bätēstˈ säNtĕrˈ [key], 1651–1717, French figure and portrait painter. He was known for allegorical portraits and his rococo use of nude figures. He founded a draw...

John the Fearless

(Encyclopedia)John the Fearless, 1371–1419, duke of Burgundy (1404–19); son of Philip the Bold. He fought against the Turks at Nikopol in 1396 and was a prisoner for a year until he was ransomed. He continued h...

Louis Philippe

(Encyclopedia)Louis Philippe lwē fēlēpˈ [key], 1773–1850, king of the French (1830–48), known before his accession as Louis Philippe, duc d'Orléans. The son of Philippe Égalité (see Orléans, Louis Phili...

La Hire

(Encyclopedia)La Hire lä ēr [key], c.1390–c.1443, French commander in the Hundred Years War, whose real name was Étienne de Vignoles or Vignolles. He entered (1418) the service of the dauphin (later King Charl...

Shrewsbury, John Talbot, 1st earl of

(Encyclopedia)Shrewsbury, John Talbot, 1st earl of shrōzˈbərē, shro͞ozˈ– [key], 1388?–1453, English soldier. As lieutenant of Ireland (1414–19, 1445–47) he quelled unrest in that country, but he achie...

ballade

(Encyclopedia)ballade bəlädˈ [key], in literature, verse form developed in France in the 14th and 15th cent. The ballade usually contains three stanzas of eight lines with three rhymes and a four-line envoy (a s...

Guntram

(Encyclopedia)Guntram gŭnˈtrəm [key], c.525–592, Frankish king of Burgundy and Orléans (561–92), son of Clotaire I. He intervened in the wars of his relatives in order to maintain the balance of power in th...

Leonard, Elmore

(Encyclopedia)Leonard, Elmore (John Elmore Leonard), 1925–2013, American novelist, b. New Orleans, grad. Univ. of Detroit (1950). “Dutch” Leonard began publishing Western tales in the early 1950s, the best kn...

Porter, David Dixon

(Encyclopedia)Porter, David Dixon, 1813–91, American admiral, b. Chester, Pa.; son of David Porter. He served under his father in the Mexican navy before he was appointed (1829) midshipman in the U.S. navy. He he...