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Pendleton

(Encyclopedia)Pendleton, city (1990 pop. 15,126), seat of Umatilla co., NE Oreg., on the Umatilla River, in the foothills of the Blue Mts.; founded 1869 on the old Oregon Trail, inc. 1889. A distribution and trade ...

Willamette

(Encyclopedia)Willamette wĭlămˈət [key], river, 294 mi (473 km) long, rising in several headstreams in the Cascade Range, W Oregon. It flows N past Eugene, Salem, and Portland to the Columbia River just NW of P...

Parkman, Francis

(Encyclopedia)Parkman, Francis, 1823–93, American historian, b. Boston. In 1846, Parkman started a journey along the Oregon Trail to improve his health and study the Native Americans. On his return to Boston he c...

Bozeman, John M.

(Encyclopedia)Bozeman, John M. bōzˈmən [key], 1835–67, American pioneer. A Georgian, he went to the gold fields of Colorado (1861) and Montana (1862). In the winter of 1862–63 he traveled with a companion fr...

Caldwell

(Encyclopedia)Caldwell, city (2020 pop. 59,996), seat of Canyon co., SW Idaho, on the Boise River; inc. 1890. On the site of an Oregon Trail camping ground, the city ...

Platte

(Encyclopedia)Platte, river, c.310 mi (500 km) long, formed by the confluence of the North Platte (680 mi/1,090 km long) and South Platte (430 m/690 km) rivers at North Platte, Neb. It flows generally E across S Ne...

Fort Bridger State Park

(Encyclopedia)Fort Bridger State Park, on Blacks Fork of the Green River, SW Wyo. The supply post, founded by U.S. fur trader James Bridger in 1843, was an important station on the Oregon Trail. The Mormons held Fo...

Whitman, Marcus

(Encyclopedia)Whitman, Marcus, 1802–47, American pioneer and missionary in the Oregon country, b. Federal Hollow (later Rushville), N.Y. In 1836 he left a country medical practice to go West as a missionary for t...

Fort Hall

(Encyclopedia)Fort Hall, trading post on the Snake River, near Pocatello, SE Idaho; est. 1834 by U.S. trader Nathaniel Wyeth. It was sold in 1836 to the Hudson's Bay Company, which occupied the post until 1856. For...

Blue Mountains, United States

(Encyclopedia)Blue Mountains, uplifted, eroded part of the Columbia Plateau, c.6,500 ft (1,980 m) high, NE Oreg. and SE Wash. Lava flows cover much of the surface. The upper, wooded slopes are used for lumbering. R...