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Gibson, Charles Dana

(Encyclopedia)Gibson, Charles Dana, 1867–1944, American illustrator, b. Roxbury, Mass., studied at the Art Students League and in Paris. His work for Life, Century, Harper's, Scribner's, Collier's Weekly, and oth...

Alger, Russell Alexander

(Encyclopedia)Alger, Russell Alexander, 1836–1907, U.S. secretary of war (1897–99), b. near Medina, Ohio. After moving to Michigan he engaged in the lumber business, in which he made a fortune. During the Civil...

Harvey, George Brinton McClellan

(Encyclopedia)Harvey, George Brinton McClellan, 1864–1928, American journalist and diplomat, b. Peacham, Caledonia co., Vt. After a career in journalism and insurance, he became involved in the construction and a...

Raiffeisen, Friedrich Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Raiffeisen, Friedrich Wilhelm frēˈdrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm rīfˈīˌzən [key], 1818–88, German leader in the cooperative movement. Between 1845 and 1865 he was mayor of several German towns. After the...

Reyles, Carlos

(Encyclopedia)Reyles, Carlos kärˈlōs rāˈlās [key], 1868–1938, Uruguayan novelist. A wealthy breeder of horses, Reyles traveled extensively and devoted himself to writing. His impassioned, naturalistic novel...

de la Roche, Mazo

(Encyclopedia)de la Roche, Mazo māˈzō də lä rôsh [key], 1885–1961, Canadian novelist, b. Toronto. Her popular novel, Jalna (1927), was followed by a series depicting the history, through 150 years, of the v...

Esnambuc, Pierre Belain d'

(Encyclopedia)Esnambuc or Énambuc, Pierre Belain d' both: pyĕr bəlăN dānäNbükˈ [key], 1585–1636, French pioneer in the West Indies. Seeking to recoup his family fortune by privateering in the West Indies,...

Polignac, Yolande Martine Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de

(Encyclopedia)Polignac, Yolande Martine Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de pôlēnyäkˈ [key], c.1749–1793, favorite of Queen Marie Antoinette of France. Her husband, Jules, comte de Polignac, was created duke...

Pynchon, William

(Encyclopedia)Pynchon, William, c.1590–1662, American colonist and theologian, b. England. An original patentee and assistant in the Massachusetts Bay Company, he migrated to America in 1630, where he helped foun...

Alleyn, Edward

(Encyclopedia)Alleyn, Edward ălˈĭn [key], 1566–1626, English actor. He was the foremost member of the Admiral's Men, joining the group c.1587, and was the only rival of Richard Burbage. An exceptionally large ...