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Lithuania

(Encyclopedia)CE5 Lithuania lĭtho͞oāˈnēə [key], Lithuanian Lietuva, officially Republic of Lithuania, republic (2015 est. pop. 2,932,000), 25,174 sq mi (65,201 sq km), N central Europe. Lithuania borders o...

computer program

(Encyclopedia)computer program, a series of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute; programs are also called software to distinguish them from hardware, the physical equipment used in data processin...

Kirill

(Encyclopedia)Kirill kĭrēlˈ [key], 16th patriarch of Moscow and all Russia (2009–), b. Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) as Vladimir Mikhailovich Gundyayev. The son and grandson of Russian Orthodox priests, he be...

Eskimo-Aleut

(Encyclopedia)Eskimo-Aleut, family of Native American languages consisting of Aleut (spoken on the Aleutian Islands and the Kodiak Peninsula) and Eskimo or Inuktitut (spoken in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Siberi...

Unicode

(Encyclopedia)Unicode yo͞oˈnĭkōdˌ [key], set of codes used to represent letters, numbers, control characters, and the like, designed for use internationally in computers. It has been expanded to include such i...

Sazonov, Sergei Dmitreyevich

(Encyclopedia)Sazonov, Sergei Dmitreyevich sĭrgāˈ dəmēˈtrēəvĭch səzôˈnəf [key], 1861–1927, Russian statesman. As minister of foreign affairs (1910–16) he played a leading role in the crisis that le...

Hawaiian

(Encyclopedia)Hawaiian, member of the Polynesian group of the Austronesian family of languages. Of the fewer than 10,000 people who speak Hawaiian, only a few hundred are native speakers, but the language is taught...

Sumarokov, Aleksandr Petrovich

(Encyclopedia)Sumarokov, Aleksandr Petrovich əlyĭksänˈdər pētrôˈvĭch so͞omərôˈkəf [key], 1718–77, Russian dramatist and poet. Sumarokov wrote fables, satires, lyrics, and comic odes in the classical...

lingua franca

(Encyclopedia)lingua franca lĭngˈgwə frăngˈkə [key], an auxiliary language, generally of a hybrid and partially developed nature, that is employed over an extensive area by people speaking different and mutua...

Saussure, Ferdinand de

(Encyclopedia)Saussure, Ferdinand de fĕrdēnäNˈ də sōsürˈ [key], 1857–1913, Swiss linguist. One of the founders of modern linguistics, he established the structural study of language, emphasizing the arbit...