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Vervins, Treaty of

(Encyclopedia)Vervins, Treaty of vĕrvăNˈ [key], 1598, peace treaty signed at the small town of Vervins, Aisne dept., N France, by the representatives of Henry IV of France and Philip II of Spain. It ended the Fr...

Barthélemy, François, marquis de

(Encyclopedia)Barthélemy, François, marquis de, 1747?–1830, French statesman. While minister to Switzerland, he negotiated the Treaties of Basel (1795), which took Prussia and Spain out of the French Revolution...

Alcalá Zamora, Niceto

(Encyclopedia)Alcalá Zamora, Niceto nēthāˈtō älkäläˈ thämōˈrä [key], 1877–1949, Spanish statesman and president of Spain (1931–36). After holding several cabinet posts under the monarchy, he became...

Cunninghame Graham, Robert Bontine

(Encyclopedia)Cunninghame Graham, Robert Bontine kŭnˈĭngəm [key], 1852–1936, British politician and author. He lived as a cattle rancher in Argentina and traveled widely in Latin America, Morocco, and Spain. ...

chartreuse

(Encyclopedia)chartreuse shärtro͞ozˈ [key], liqueur made exclusively by Carthusians at their monastery, La Grande Chartreuse, France, until their expulsion in 1903. The French distillery and trademark were sold,...

Charleroi

(Encyclopedia)Charleroi shärlərwäˈ [key], city, Hainaut prov., S Belgium, on the Sambre River and on the ...

Alfonso VII, Spanish king of Castile and León

(Encyclopedia)Alfonso VII (Alfonso the Emperor), 1104–57, Spanish king of Castile and León (1126–57), son and successor of Urraca. He recovered the places in Castile that his stepfather, Alfonso I of Aragón, ...

Ferrer Guardia, Francisco

(Encyclopedia)Ferrer Guardia, Francisco fränthēsˈkō fārārˈ gwärˈdyä [key], 1859–1909, Spanish political theorist and educator. An ardent liberal, anticlerical, and republican, he took refuge in France (...

Amadeus, Lake

(Encyclopedia)Amadeus, Lake əmăˈdēəs [key], large, usually dry, shallow salt lake, 340 sq mi (881 sq km), 76 mi (122 km) long, 12 mi (19 km) wide, SW Northern Territory, Australia. The lakebed is usually cover...

Tudela

(Encyclopedia)Tudela to͞oᵺāˈlä [key], town (1990 pop. 27,063), Navarre prov., N Spain, in Navarra, on the Ebro River. The surrounding fertile region produces vegetables, fruit, grapes, and olives. There are s...