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Lally, Thomas Arthur, baron de Tollendal, comte de

(Encyclopedia)Lally, Thomas Arthur, baron de Tollendal, comte de tômäˈ ärtürˈ bärôN də tôläNdälˈ kôNt də lälēˈ [key], 1702–66, French general; son of an Irish Jacobite resident in France. As com...

Hazard, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Hazard, Paul pôl äzärˈ [key], 1878–1944, French scholar. He began his teaching at the Univ. of Lyons in 1910. After World War I he taught at the Sorbonne and in 1925 was appointed to the chair o...

Herrings, Battle of the

(Encyclopedia)Herrings, Battle of the, 1429, episode in the siege of Orléans by the English in the Hundred Years War. The French, under Jean, comte de Dunois, attacked a supply train commanded by Sir John Fastolf....

Fontane, Theodor

(Encyclopedia)Fontane, Theodor tāˈōdôr fôntäˈnə [key], 1819–98, German writer. Although he is primarily important as a novelist, he did not begin to write fiction until he was almost 60 years old. Thereaf...

Family Compact, in French and Spanish history

(Encyclopedia)Family Compact, several alliances between France and Spain in the form of agreements between the French and Spanish branches of the Bourbon family. The first of the three compacts, the Treaty of the E...

Jünger, Ernst

(Encyclopedia)Jünger, Ernst ĕrnst yüngˈər [key], 1895–1998, German writer. Jünger's early war novels were based on arduous army experience. Strongly influenced by Nietzsche, they glorified war and its sacri...

Keegan, Sir John Desmond Patrick

(Encyclopedia)Keegan, Sir John Desmond Patrick, 1934–2012, British military historian, b. London. The foremost British military historian of his era, he attended Oxford and after graduation went to the United Sta...

Sazonov, Sergei Dmitreyevich

(Encyclopedia)Sazonov, Sergei Dmitreyevich sĭrgāˈ dəmēˈtrēəvĭch səzôˈnəf [key], 1861–1927, Russian statesman. As minister of foreign affairs (1910–16) he played a leading role in the crisis that le...

Schleicher, Kurt von

(Encyclopedia)Schleicher, Kurt von, 1882–1934, German general. A leading Reichswehr (army) figure after World War I, Schleicher wielded great power in the years before Adolf Hitler came to power (1933). He was wa...

Dartmouth, town, England

(Encyclopedia)Dartmouth, town, Devon, SW England, on the Dart estuary. The principal feature of the town is Britannia Royal Naval College. Dartmouth has engineering a...