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Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess

(Encyclopedia)Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess côrnwälˈĭs [key], 1738–1805, English general and statesman. He was commissioned an ensign in the British army in 1756 and saw service in Europe in th...

Philip VI, king of France

(Encyclopedia)Philip VI, 1293–1350, king of France (1328–50), son of Charles of Valois and grandson of King Philip III. He succeeded his cousin Charles IV, invoking the Salic law to set aside both Charles's dau...

Dust Bowl

(Encyclopedia)Dust Bowl, the name given to areas of the U.S. prairie states that suffered ecological devastation in the 1930s and then to a lesser extent in the mid-1950s. The problem began during World War I, when...

Kishi, Nobusuke

(Encyclopedia)Kishi, Nobusuke nōbo͝osˈkā kēˈshē [key], 1896–1987, Japanese statesman; older brother of Eisaku Sato. The son of a minor official, he went to live with prosperous relatives and took their nam...

Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, 2d duke of

(Encyclopedia)Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, 2d duke of, d. 1455, English statesman and general. He fought in France in the Hundred Years War, receiving his first command in 1431, recapturing Harfleur in 1440, and reli...

Weyler y Nicolau, Valeriano

(Encyclopedia)Weyler y Nicolau, Valeriano välāryäˈnō wāˈlĕr ē nēkōläˈo͞o [key], 1838–1930, Spanish general. His early career was spent in Santo Domingo and Cuba, where he served during the Ten Years...

Bernstein, Eduard

(Encyclopedia)Bernstein, Eduard āˈdo͞oärt bĕrnˈshtīn [key], 1850–1932, German socialist. From 1872 he was actively associated with the Social Democratic party. In 1878, antisocialist legislation sent him i...

Lanston, Tolbert

(Encyclopedia)Lanston, Tolbert tŏlˈbərt [key], 1844–1913, American inventor, b. Troy, Ohio. Lanston spent his youth on an Iowa farm and served in the military throughout the Civil War. For 22 years he was a cl...

Hayashi, Fumiko

(Encyclopedia)Hayashi, Fumiko fo͞oˈmēˈkō häˈyäˈshē [key], 1903–51, Japanese novelist and short-story writer. The daughter of an itinerant peddlar, Hayashi was raised in abject poverty. After finishing s...

Doenitz, Karl

(Encyclopedia)Doenitz, Karl dönˈĭts [key], 1891–1980, German admiral. He secretly planned a German submarine fleet in the years following the Treaty of Versailles, was given command of submarine operations by ...