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cell, in biology

(Encyclopedia)CE5 Animal cell cell, in biology, the unit of structure and function of which all plants and animals are composed. The cell is the smallest unit in the living organism that is capable of integrati...

Koch, Robert

(Encyclopedia)Koch, Robert rōˈbĕrt kôkh [key], 1843–1910, German bacteriologist. He studied at Göttingen under Jacob Henle. As a country practitioner in Wollstein, Posen (now Wolsztyn, Poland), he devoted mu...

honeyguide

(Encyclopedia)honeyguide, small plainly colored Old World bird of the family Indicatoridae, known for its habit of leading man and some lower animals (notably the honey badger) to the nests of wild bees. Honeyguide...

Haffkine, Waldemar Mordecai Wolff

(Encyclopedia)Haffkine, Waldemar Mordecai Wolff, 1860–1930, Ukrainian microbiologist, b. Odessa, Russia (now in Ukraine). After studying (1879–83) at the Univ. of Odessa with the microbiologist Ilya Mechnikov, ...

chickenpox

(Encyclopedia)chickenpox or varicella vârˌəsĕlˈə [key], infectious disease usually occurring in childhood. It is caused by the same herpesvirus, varicella-zoster, that produces shingles; the virus can hide in...

vancomycin

(Encyclopedia)vancomycin vănˌkōmīˈsĭn [key], antibiotic resembling penicillin in the way it acts. It is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces orientalis, which was isolated from soil of India and Indonesia....

glycolysis

(Encyclopedia)glycolysis glīkŏlˈĭsĭs [key], term given to the metabolic pathway utilized by most microorganisms (yeast and bacteria) and by all “higher” animals (including humans) for the degradation of gl...

endocytosis

(Encyclopedia)endocytosis ĕnˌdōsītōˈsəs [key], in biology, process by which substances are taken into the cell. When the cell membrane comes into contact with a suitable food, a portion of the cell cytoplasm...

Luria, Salvador Edward

(Encyclopedia)Luria, Salvador Edward, 1912–1991, American physician, b. Turin, Italy, M.D., Univ. of Turin, 1935. He conducted research and taught at the Institute of Radium in Paris (1938–40), Columbia (1940�...

mastitis

(Encyclopedia)mastitis măstīˈtĭs [key], inflammation of the breast. Mastitis most commonly occurs in nursing mothers between the first and third weeks after childbirth, usually of the first child. It is an infe...