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Zama

(Encyclopedia)Zama zāˈmə [key], ancient town near the northern coast of Africa, in present Tunisia. Although there was more than one town named Zama, tradition says that in 202 b.c. Scipio Africanus Major defeat...

Darius III

(Encyclopedia)Darius III (Darius Codomannus) kŏdəmănˈəs [key], d. 330 b.c., king of ancient Persia (336–330 b.c.). A cousin of Artaxerxes III, he was raised to the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had murder...

Aristides

(Encyclopedia)Aristides ărĭstīˈdēz [key], d. c.468 b.c., Athenian statesman and general. He was one of the 10 generals who commanded the Athenians at the battle of Marathon (490 b.c.) and in the next year beca...

Rehnskiöld, Karl Gustaf

(Encyclopedia)Rehnskiöld, Karl Gustaf kärl gŭsˈtäv rānˈshöld [key], 1651–1722, Swedish field marshal. One of the ablest lieutenants of Charles XII in the Northern War, he played an important part in the P...

Actium

(Encyclopedia)Actium ăkˈtēəm, –shē– [key], promontory, NW Acarnania, Greece, at the mouth of the Ambracian Gulf. There are vestiges of several temples and an ancient town. At Actium was fought the naval ba...

Kursk

(Encyclopedia)Kursk ko͝orsk [key], city (1989 pop. 424,000), capital of Kursk region, W European Russia, at the confluence of the Tuskor and Seim rivers. An important rail junction, it has machine, chemical, and s...

Pitcher, Molly

(Encyclopedia)Pitcher, Molly, 1744–1832, American Revolutionary heroine whose real name was Mary Ludwig Hays or Heis, b. near Trenton, N.J. As the wife of John Hays or Heis, she carried water for her husband and ...

Tudela

(Encyclopedia)Tudela to͞oᵺāˈlä [key], town (1990 pop. 27,063), Navarre prov., N Spain, in Navarra, on the Ebro River. The surrounding fertile region produces vegetables, fruit, grapes, and olives. There are s...

Æthelfrith

(Encyclopedia)Æthelfrith ĕˈthəlfrĭth, ă– [key], d. 616, king of Northumbria (c.593–616). He was the first great Anglo-Saxon leader among the northern English; he united Bernicia and Deira into the kingdom...

Gibbon, John

(Encyclopedia)Gibbon, John, 1827–96, Union general in the Civil War, b. near Holmesburg (now part of Philadelphia), Pa., grad. West Point, 1847. Made a brigadier general of volunteers (1862), he fought in the sec...