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seltzer water

(Encyclopedia)seltzer water, mineral water containing free carbon dioxide, obtained originally from springs at Niederselters, Germany. Reputed to have curative value in treating several diseases, it became very pop...

rotation of crops

(Encyclopedia)rotation of crops, agricultural practice of varying the crops on a piece of land in a planned series, to save or increase the mineral or organic content of the soil, to increase crop yields, and to er...

eugenics

(Encyclopedia)eugenics yo͞ojĕnˈĭks [key], study of human genetics and of methods to improve the inherited characteristics, physical and mental, of the human race. Efforts to improve the human race through bette...

Duchenne, Guillaume Benjamin Amand

(Encyclopedia)Duchenne, Guillaume Benjamin Amand gēyōmˈ bäNzhämăNˈ ämäNˈ düshĕnˈ [key], 1806–75, French physician. He is noted for researches on diseases of the muscular and nervous systems and for h...

smut

(Encyclopedia)smut, name for an order of parasitic fungi (Ustilaginales) and the various diseases of plants caused by them. Smuts produce sootlike masses of spores on the host. The spore masses may break up into a ...

Auenbrugger, Leopold

(Encyclopedia)Auenbrugger, Leopold lāˈōpôlt ouˈənbro͝ogər [key], 1722–1809, Viennese physician. His findings on the use of percussion in diagnosing chest diseases were published in 1761 (tr. On Percussion...

Goldberger, Joseph

(Encyclopedia)Goldberger, Joseph, 1874–1929, American medical research worker, b. Austria-Hungary, grad. Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1895. He came to the United States at the age of six. He joined the U.S....

Soranus

(Encyclopedia)Soranus sərāˈnəs [key], fl. 1st–2d cent. a.d., Greek physician, probably b. Ephesus. He is believed to have practiced in Alexandria and in Rome and was an authority on obstetrics, gynecology, an...

tartar emetic

(Encyclopedia)tartar emetic, poisonous, odorless, transparent rhombic crystals or white powder with a metallic, sweetish taste. Chemically, it is potassium antimony tartrate, KSbC4H4O7·1⁄2H2O. It is used as a mo...

Kraepelin, Emil

(Encyclopedia)Kraepelin, Emil krĕpəlēnˈ [key], 1856–1926, German psychiatrist, educated at Würzburg (M.D., 1878). He also studied under Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, and was appointed professor of psychiatry at ...