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Head Start

(Encyclopedia)Head Start, U.S. educational program for disadvantaged preschool children, established under the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Aimed initially only at poor children, its purpose was to organize pr...

Stamp, Josiah Charles, 1st Baron Stamp of Shortlands

(Encyclopedia)Stamp, Josiah Charles, 1st Baron Stamp of Shortlands, 1880–1941, English economist and financier. Active in many national and international economic commissions, he had an important part in the fram...

Allais, Maurice Félix Charles

(Encyclopedia)Allais, Maurice Félix Charles môrēsˈ shärl älĕˈ [key], 1911–2010, French economist, Ph.D. Univ. of Paris, 1949. After working in the French mine administration, he joined the École National...

Duflo, Esther

(Encyclopedia)Duflo, Esther, 1972–, French-American economist, b. Paris, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. She has been a professor of economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since...

Meade, James Edward

(Encyclopedia)Meade, James Edward, 1907–95, British economist, studied at Oxford and Cambridge. Strongly influenced by John Maynard Keynes, Meade worked at the League of Nations (1937–40) and was chief economis...

lottery

(Encyclopedia)lottery, scheme for distributing prizes by lot or other method of chance selection to persons who have paid for the opportunity to win. The term is not applicable when lots are drawn without payment b...

Maria II

(Encyclopedia)Maria II (Maria da Glória), 1819–53, queen of Portugal (1834–53), daughter of Peter IV (Pedro I of Brazil). Pedro, having succeeded to the Portuguese throne on the death (1826) of his father, Joh...

Rudolf II

(Encyclopedia)Rudolf II, 1552–1612, Holy Roman emperor (1576–1612), king of Bohemia (1575–1611) and of Hungary (1572–1608), son and successor of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II. Acceding to the Hapsburg la...

Evangelical Alliance

(Encyclopedia)Evangelical Alliance ēvănjĕlˈĭkəl [key], an association of Evangelical Christians in a union, not of churches, but of individuals belonging to different denominations and different countries. It...

Osterman, Andrei Ivanovich, Count

(Encyclopedia)Osterman, Andrei Ivanovich, Count əndrāˈ ēväˈnəvĭch əstyĭrmänˈ [key], 1686–1747, Russian statesman, b. Germany. His original name was Heinrich Johann Friedrich Ostermann. Under Czar Pete...