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Bertolucci, Bernardo

(Encyclopedia)Bertolucci, Bernardo bĕrnärˈdō bĕrˌtōlo͞otˈchē [key], 1940–2018, Italian film director and screenwriter, considered one of the finest Italian directors of his generation. The son of poet A...

Zhelev, Zhelyu Mitev

(Encyclopedia)Zhelev, Zhelyu Mitev, 1935–2015, Bulgarian political leader. Initially a member of the Communist party, he was disciplined for his dissident political views and expelled from the party in 1965. Late...

Rothermere, Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount

(Encyclopedia)Rothermere, Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount rŏᵺˈərmēr [key], 1868–1940, English publisher. He was the financial wizard of the publishing firm headed by his brother Alfred, Viscount Nort...

Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso

(Encyclopedia)Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso fēlēpˈpō tōm-mäˈzō märēnĕtˈtē [key], 1876–1944, Italian poet, novelist, and critic. He is best known as the founder of futurism (1909), on which he wrote and ...

Ferrero, Guglielmo

(Encyclopedia)Ferrero, Guglielmo go͞olyĕlˈmō fār-rĕˈrō [key], 1871–1942, Italian man of letters and historian. With his father-in-law, the criminologist Cesare Lombroso, he collaborated in the writing of ...

Salandra, Antonio

(Encyclopedia)Salandra, Antonio äntôˈnyō sälänˈdrä [key], 1853–1931, Italian premier (1914–16). He entered parliament as a moderate conservative (1886), held various cabinet posts from 1891 to 1910, and...

Einaudi, Luigi

(Encyclopedia)Einaudi, Luigi lwēˈjē ānouˈdē [key], 1874–1961, president of Italy (1948–55). A noted economist, a senator for life from 1919, and an opponent of Fascism after 1924, Einaudi taught at the Un...

Bontempelli, Massimo

(Encyclopedia)Bontempelli, Massimo mäsˈsēmō bōntĕmpĕlˈlē [key], 1878–1960, Italian writer and critic. One of the first of the intellectuals to support fascism, he was also a convert to futurism for a tim...

Borgese, Giuseppe Antonio

(Encyclopedia)Borgese, Giuseppe Antonio jo͞ozĕpˈpā äntōˈnyō bōrjāˈzā [key], 1882–1952, Italian-American author, b. near Palermo, Ph.D. Univ. of Florence, 1903. From 1910 to 1931 he taught at the unive...

Sturzo, Luigi

(Encyclopedia)Sturzo, Luigi lo͞oēˈjē sto͞orˈtsō [key], 1871–1959, Italian priest and political leader. He taught philosophy and sociology at a seminary in his native Sicily. In 1919 he founded the Popular ...