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lockout

(Encyclopedia)lockout, intentional closing up of a company, factory, or shop by an employer to prevent employees from working during a strike or labor dispute. The term lockout is sometimes confused with the term s...

Liu Xiaobo

(Encyclopedia)Liu Xiaobo shyä [key], 1961–, a Chinese poet and artist, often acted as his spokesperson when he was in custody and was subjected to heavy state surveillance. Under house arrest from 2010, she was ...

de Kruif, Paul

(Encyclopedia)de Kruif, Paul də krīf [key], 1890–1971, American author, b. Zeeland, Mich., grad. Univ. of Michigan (B.S., 1912). He was bacteriologist at the university from 1912 to 1917. Among his books are Mi...

Wilkinson, Ellen

(Encyclopedia)Wilkinson, Ellen, 1891?–1947, English politician. Of a working-class family, she graduated from the Univ. of Manchester and became a union organizer. A Labour member of Parliament (1924–31, 1935�...

Jarrow

(Encyclopedia)Jarrow, town (1991 pop. 31,345), South Tyneside metropolitan district, NE England, on the Tyne estuary. Industries include the manufacture of iron and steel products, oil installations, and shipbuildi...

Ivanovo

(Encyclopedia)Ivanovo ēväˈnəvə [key], city, capital of Ivanovo region, central European Russia, in the ...

International Fund for Agricultural Development

(Encyclopedia)International Fund for Agricultural Development(IFAD), specialized agency of the United Nations with headquarters in Rome, Italy. IFAD grew out of the 1974 World Food Conference; it was established in...

motivation

(Encyclopedia)motivation, in psychology, the intention of achieving a goal, leading to goal-directed behavior. Some human activity seems to be best explained by postulating an inner directing drive. While a drive i...

Passaic, city, United States

(Encyclopedia)Passaic pəsāˈĭk [key], city (1990 pop. 58,041), Passaic co., NE N.J., a port on the Passaic River; settled 1678 by Dutch traders as Acquackanonk, named Passaic 1854, inc. as a city 1873. Formerly ...

Pullman

(Encyclopedia)Pullman. 1 Former town, since 1889 part of Chicago, Ill. It was founded in 1880 by George M. Pullman as a model community for workers of his sleeping-car company; all property was company owned, and a...