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kidney, artificial

(Encyclopedia)kidney, artificial, mechanical device capable of assuming the functions ordinarily performed by the kidneys. In treating cases of kidney failure a tube is inserted into an artery in the patient's arm ...

Aras

(Encyclopedia)Aras äräsˈ [key], Armenian, Rus., Araks, Azeri Araz, river, c.600 mi (970 km) long, rising in the Transcaucasus Mts., NE Turkey. It flows generally east, forming parts of the Turkey-Armenia, Armeni...

Wagram

(Encyclopedia)Wagram doich– [key], town, Lower Austria prov., NE Austria, in the Marchfeld, near Vienna. On July 5–6, 1809, Napoleon I gained one of his most brilliant victories there. Despite their heroic cond...

Bernadotte, Count Folke

(Encyclopedia)Bernadotte, Count Folke fôlˈkə bĕrnädôtˈ, bûrˈnədŏt [key], 1895–1948, Swedish internationalist; nephew of King Gustavus V. He was active in the Swedish Red Cross and became its president ...

Čapek, Josef

(Encyclopedia)Čapek, Josef yôˈsĕfchäˈpĕk [key], 1887–1945, Czech writer and painter. He collaborated with his brother KarelKarel on a number of plays and short stories. On his own he wrote the utopian play...

combustion

(Encyclopedia)combustion, rapid chemical reaction of two or more substances with a characteristic liberation of heat and light; it is commonly called burning. The burning of a fuel (e.g., wood, coal, oil, or natura...

carbonyl group

(Encyclopedia)carbonyl group kärˈbənĭl [key], in chemistry, functional group that consists of an oxygen atom joined by a double bond to a carbon atom. The carbon atom is joined to the remainder of the molecule ...

element

(Encyclopedia)CE5 element, in chemistry, a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical means. A substance such as a compound can be decomposed into its constituent elements by means o...

Veil, Simone

(Encyclopedia)Veil, Simone, 1927–2017, French politician, b. Simone Jacob. Interned in Nazi concentration camps during World War II because she was Jewish, she became a lawyer and government official. She served ...

Ossietzky, Carl von

(Encyclopedia)Ossietzky, Carl von fən ôsyĕtˈskē [key], 1889–1938, German pacifist. A leader of the peace movement in Germany after World War I, he was editor of the antimilitarist weekly Weltbühne from 1927...