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Mahgoub, Muhammad Ahmad

(Encyclopedia)Mahgoub, Muhammad Ahmad mo͞ohämˈmäd äkhmädˈ mäˈgo͞o [key], 1908–76, Sudanese political leader. After twice serving as Sudan's minister of foreign affairs (1956–58, 1964–65), he was ele...

Tindemans, Leo

(Encyclopedia)Tindemans, Leo (Leonard Clemence Tindemans), 1922–2014, Belgian stateman. He studied economics at the universities of Antwerp and Ghent, and in 1958 became head of the Flemish Christian Democrats. F...

Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad

(Encyclopedia)Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad shākh mo͞ohämˈmäd äbdo͝ol-läˈ [key], 1905–82, nationalist leader in Kashmir, known as the Lion of Kashmir. He became active in polit...

Abdul Rahman, Tunku

(Encyclopedia)Abdul Rahman, Tunku, to͝onˈko͞o äbˈdo͝ol räˈmän [key], 1903–90, Malaysian political leader. A prince (tunku), he was the fifth son of Sultan Abdul Halim Shah of Kedah and was educated in En...

Chauveau, Pierre Joseph Olivier

(Encyclopedia)Chauveau, Pierre Joseph Olivier pyĕr zhôzĕfˈ ôlēvyāˈ shōvōˈ [key], 1820–90, French Canadian educator and politician, prime minister of Quebec (1867–73), b. Quebec. He became superintend...

Desai, Morarji Ranchhodji

(Encyclopedia)Desai, Morarji Ranchhodji dĕsīˈ [key], 1896–1995, Indian political leader. He joined the government in 1956, becoming minister of finance (1958–63). He returned to government in 1967 as deputy...

Tupper, Sir Charles

(Encyclopedia)Tupper, Sir Charles, 1821–1915, Canadian statesman, b. Nova Scotia. A doctor, he sat (1855–67) in the provincial legislature, became (1864) premier of Nova Scotia, and was a leader in the movement...

Quebec Conference

(Encyclopedia)Quebec Conference, name of two meetings held in Quebec, Canada, in World War II. The first meeting (Aug., 1943) was attended by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister...

Özal, Turgut

(Encyclopedia)Özal, Turgut, 1927–93, Turkish political leader, president of Turkey (1989–93). Trained as an electrical engineer, he worked for the Turkish state planning office in the 1950s and 60s, as an econ...

Pashinyan, Nikol Vovayi

(Encyclopedia)Pashinyan or Pashinian, Nikol Vovayi, 1975–, Armenian political leader. A journalist and member of the liberal Civil Contract party, he served two years in jail (2009–11) for organizing protests f...