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gilding

(Encyclopedia)gilding, process of applying a thin layer of real or imitation gold to a surface. The process is employed on wood, metal, ivory, leather, paper, glass, porcelain, and fabrics and is used to embellish ...

Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta

(Encyclopedia)Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta, 1908–95, Swedish physicist, Ph.D. Univ. of Uppsala, 1934. He was a lecturer at Uppsala from 1934 to 1937 and a researcher at the Nobel Institute of Physics from 1937 to ...

epoxy resins

(Encyclopedia)epoxy resins, group of synthetic resins used to make plastics and adhesives. These materials are noted for their versatility, but their relatively high cost has limited their use. High resistance to c...

Fürth

(Encyclopedia)Fürth fürt [key], city, Bavaria, S Germany, at the confluence of the Rednitz and Pegnitz ri...

Down

(Encyclopedia)Down, district, 246 sq mi (637 sq km), SE Northern Ireland. The principal town is Downpatrick. The shoreline extends along the Irish Sea and is deeply i...

Heeger, Alan Jay

(Encyclopedia)Heeger, Alan Jay, 1936–, American physicist and chemist, b. Sioux City, Iowa, Ph.D. Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1961. Heeger has held faculty positions at the Univ. of Pennsylvania (1962–82) an...

stibnite

(Encyclopedia)stibnite stĭbˈnīt [key], antimony sulfide, Sb2S3, a mineral, silvery gray in color, with a metallic luster. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system. Found in many parts of the world, it is the m...

Brăila

(Encyclopedia)Brăila brəēˈlä [key], city, SE Romania, in Walachia, on the Danube River. The chief grai...

oxidation and reduction

(Encyclopedia)oxidation and reduction, complementary chemical reactions characterized by the loss or gain, respectively, of one or more electrons by an atom or molecule. Originally the term oxidation was used to re...

Novara

(Encyclopedia)Novara nōväˈrä [key], city (1991 pop. 101,112), capital of Novara prov., Piedmont, N Italy. It is an agricultural and industrial center and a rail junction. Manufactures include textiles, chemical...