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Alien and Sedition Acts

(Encyclopedia) Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798, four laws enacted by the Federalist-controlled U.S. Congress, allegedly in response to the hostile actions of the French Revolutionary government on the…

corrupt practices

(Encyclopedia) corrupt practices, in politics, fraud connected with elections. The term also refers to various offenses by public officials, including bribery, the sale of offices, granting of public…

State Department Notes on Cape Verde

U.S. Department of State Background Note Index: Geography People History Government and Political Conditions Economy Foreign Relations U.S.-Cape Verdean Relations GEOGRAPHYThe Cape Verde…

Oscar Minority Winners

  In 2016, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences failed for a second consecutive year to nominate any African-American actors in the major acting categories, prompting director…

Johanna July

cowgirlBorn: circa 1850Birthplace: probably northern Mexico July was born to a family of Seminole Indians and former African American slaves who had left Florida and settled in northern Mexico…

picketing

(Encyclopedia) picketing, act of patrolling a place of work affected by a strike in order to discourage its patronage, to make public the workers' grievances, and in some cases to prevent…

threat

(Encyclopedia) threat, in law, declaration of intent to injure another by doing an unlawful act, with a view to restraining his freedom of action. A threat is distinguishable from an assault, for an…

naturalization

(Encyclopedia) naturalization, official act by which a person is made a national of a country other than his or her native one. In some countries naturalized persons do not necessarily become…

National Recovery Administration

(Encyclopedia) National Recovery Administration (NRA), in U.S. history, administrative bureau established under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. In response to President Franklin Delano…

Martin Van Buren

Born: 12/5/1782Birthplace: Kinderhook, N.Y. Martin Van Buren was born on Dec. 5, 1782, at Kinderhook, N.Y. After graduating from the village school, he became a law clerk, entered practice in 1803…