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algebraic geometry

(Encyclopedia) algebraic geometry, branch of geometry, based on analytic geometry, that is concerned with geometric objects (loci) defined by algebraic relations among their coordinates (see…

exponent

(Encyclopedia) exponent, in mathematics, a number, letter, or algebraic expression written above and to the right of another number, letter, or expression called the base. In the expressions x2 and…

Richter scale

(Encyclopedia) Richter scaleRichter scalerĭkˈtər [key], measure of the magnitude of seismic waves from an earthquake. Devised in 1935 by the American seismologist Charles F. Richter (1900–1985) and…

Cartesian coordinates

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Cartesian coordinates Cartesian coordinatesCartesian coordinateskärtēˈzhən [key] [for René Descartes], system for representing the relative positions of points in a plane or in…

Galois, Évariste

(Encyclopedia) Galois, ÉvaristeGalois, Évaristeāvärēstˈ gälwäˈ [key], 1811–32, French mathematician. At the age of 17 he had evolved original concepts on the theory of algebra. He made important…

Nguema, Francisco Macias

(Encyclopedia) Nguema, Francisco MaciasNguema, Francisco Maciasfränsēsˈkō mäshˈyəs ngwāˈmä [key], 1924–79, first president of Equatorial Guinea (1968–79). Leading the leftist party for independence…

Minkowski, Hermann

(Encyclopedia) Minkowski, HermannMinkowski, Hermannhĕrˈmän mĭnkôfˈskē [key], 1864–1909, Russian mathematician. He was educated in Germany and was professor at the Univ. of Königsberg (1894–96), the…

deer

(Encyclopedia) deer, ruminant mammal of the family Cervidae, found in most parts of the world except Australia. Antlers, solid bony outgrowths of the skull, develop in the males of most species and…

barcode

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Barcode barcode, computer coding system that uses a printed pattern of lines and bars to identify such things as products, mail and packages, and customer accounts; the term…

Integers

Integers include positive whole numbers, negative whole numbers, and zero. The “set of all integers” is often shown like this: Integers = {… -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …} The dots at…