(Encyclopedia) chromatographychromatographykrōˌmətŏgˈrəfē [key], resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds by passing it through a system that retards each compound to a varying…
(Encyclopedia) colligative properties, properties of a solution that depend on the number of solute particles present but not on the chemical properties of the solute. Colligative properties of a…
(Encyclopedia) Gram's stain, laboratory staining technique that distinguishes between two groups of bacteria by the identification of differences in the structure of their cell walls. The Gram stain…
(Encyclopedia) antifreeze, substance added to a solvent to lower its freezing point. The solution formed is called an antifreeze mixture. Antifreeze is typically added to water in the cooling system…
(Encyclopedia) Grignard reagentGrignard reagentgrēnyärdˈ rēāˈjənt [key], any of an important class of extremely reactive chemical compounds used in the synthesis of hydrocarbons, alcohols, carboxylic…
(Encyclopedia)
CE5
furfuralfurfuralfûrˈfərəl [key] or furfuraldehydefurfuralfûrˌfərălˈdəhīd [key] [Lat.,=bran], C4H3OCHO, viscous, colorless liquid that has a pleasant aromatic odor; upon exposure…
(Encyclopedia) Mace, chemical spray device used by police in riot control. Mace is ordinary tear gas (chloroacetophenone, or CN) in a volatile solvent contained in a spray can. It causes severe…
(Encyclopedia) carbon disulfide, CS2, liquid organic compound; it is colorless, foul-smelling, flammable, and poisonous. It can be prepared by direct reaction of carbon, e.g., as charcoal, with…
First Place: $100,000 scholarship, David Lawrence Vigliarolo Bauer, 17, Hunter College High School, Bronx, N.Y., for developing a sensor for rapidly detecting individual exposure to toxic…
