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shorthand

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Shorthand systems shorthand, any brief, rapid system of writing that may be used in transcribing, or recording, the spoken word. Such systems, many having characters based on…

Epidemics of the Past: Bubonic Plague

Bubonic PlagueEpidemics of the PastSmallpox: 12,000 Years of TerrorBubonic PlagueInfluenza: A Twentieth-Century Epidemic Ring around the rosy, A pocket full of posies, Ashes … ashes, We all…

naturalism, in literature

(Encyclopedia) naturalism, in literature, an approach that proceeds from an analysis of reality in terms of natural forces, e.g., heredity, environment, physical drives. The chief literary theorist…

French Academy

(Encyclopedia) French Academy (L'Académie française), learned society of France. It is one of the five societies of the Institut de France. The work of the French Academy has chiefly consisted of…

record player

(Encyclopedia) record player or phonograph, device for reproducing sound that has been recorded as a spiral, undulating groove on a disk. This disk is known as a phonograph record, or simply a record…

Selected Activists and Reformers

Sojourner Truth See also Martin Luther King, Jr., Biography Martin Luther King, Jr., Timeline African-American Religious Leaders Civil Rights Leaders Civil Rights Movement…

2009 Academy Awards

2009 Academy Awards | Oscar winners and nominees The 2009 Academy Awards were presented on March 7, 2010, at the Kodak Theatre. All of the nominees are listed below; the Oscar winners…

Oscar Minority Winners

  In 2016, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences failed for a second consecutive year to nominate any African-American actors in the major acting categories, prompting director…

Gauguin, Paul

(Encyclopedia) Gauguin, PaulGauguin, Paulpôl gōgăNˈ [key], 1848–1903, French painter and woodcut artist, b. Paris; son of a journalist and a French-Peruvian mother. Today Gauguin is recognized as a…