(Encyclopedia) Henry the Lion, 1129–95, duke of Saxony (1142–80) and of Bavaria (1156–80); son of Henry the Proud. His father died (1139) while engaged in a war to regain his duchies, and it was not…
(Encyclopedia) SigismundSigismundsĭjˈĭsmənd, sĭgˈ– [key], 1368–1437, Holy Roman emperor (1433–37), German king (1410–37), king of Hungary (1387–1437) and of Bohemia (1419–37), elector of Brandenburg…
(Encyclopedia) Gombert, NicolasGombert, Nicolasnēkôläˈ gôNbĕrˈ [key], c.1500–c.1560, Flemish composer. Gombert was the greatest follower of Josquin des Prés. He served at the court of Emperor Charles…
(Encyclopedia) MühlbergMühlbergmülˈbĕrkh [key], town, Saxony, E central Germany, on the Elbe River. In 1547, Emperor Charles V defeated the Schmalkaldic League there and captured Elector John…
(Encyclopedia) Ch'ien-lungCh'ien-lungchyĕnˈ-l&oomacr;ngˈ [key], 1711–99, reign title of the fourth emperor (1735–96) of the Ch'ing dynasty, whose given name was Hung-li. Under his vigorous…
(Encyclopedia) Gallas, Matthias, Graf vonGallas, Matthias, Graf vonmätēˈäs gräf fən gälˈäs [key], 1584–1647, imperial general in the Thirty Years War. He served under Tilly, commander of the Catholic…
(Encyclopedia) Lothair, sometimes called Lothair II, d. 869, king of Lotharingia (855–69), second son of Emperor of the West Lothair I. He inherited the region bounded by the Rhine, Scheldt, Alps,…
(Encyclopedia) Aurelian (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus)Aurelianôrēˈlēən [key], c.212–275, Roman emperor (270–75). Rising in the ranks, he became consul under Valerian. He succeeded Claudius II, whose…
(Encyclopedia) UriUri&oomacr;ˈrē [key], canton (1993 pop. 35,500), 415 sq mi (1,075 sq km), central Switzerland, one of the Four Forest Cantons. Altdorf is the capital. The most sparsely…
