(Encyclopedia) Ch'ien-lungCh'ien-lungchyĕnˈ-l&oomacr;ngˈ [key], 1711–99, reign title of the fourth emperor (1735–96) of the Ch'ing dynasty, whose given name was Hung-li. Under his vigorous…
(Encyclopedia) Basil II, c.958–1025, Byzantine emperor (976–1025), surnamed Bulgaroktonos [Bulgar slayer]. With his brother, Constantine VIII, he nominally succeeded his father, Romanus II, in 963,…
(Encyclopedia) Aurelian (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus)Aurelianôrēˈlēən [key], c.212–275, Roman emperor (270–75). Rising in the ranks, he became consul under Valerian. He succeeded Claudius II, whose…
(Encyclopedia) Ssu-ma Ch'ienSsu-ma Ch'iens&oobreve;ˈmä chyĕn [key], 145?–90? b.c., Chinese historian; sometimes called the Father of Chinese History. He succeeded his father, Ssu-ma T'an, as…
(Encyclopedia) UriUri&oomacr;ˈrē [key], canton (1993 pop. 35,500), 415 sq mi (1,075 sq km), central Switzerland, one of the Four Forest Cantons. Altdorf is the capital. The most sparsely…
(Encyclopedia) Bethlen, GabrielBethlen, Gabrielbĕthˈlən [key], 1580–1629, prince of Transylvania (1613–29). He was chief adviser of Stephen Bocskay and was elected prince after the assassination of…
(Encyclopedia) investiture, in feudalism, ceremony by which an overlord transferred a fief to a vassal or by which, in ecclesiastical law, an elected cleric received the pastoral ring and staff (the…
(Encyclopedia) IpirangaIpirangaēpērängˈgə [key], stream flowing near the city of São Paulo, Brazil. On its banks the regent Pedro (later Emperor Pedro I) issued the Grito do Ipiranga, the declaration…
(Encyclopedia) Rudolf, 1858–89, Austrian archduke, crown prince of Austria and Hungary; only son of Emperor Francis Joseph and Empress Elizabeth. Upon his mysterious death at Mayerling near Vienna (…
