(Encyclopedia) biotechnology, the use of biological processes, as through the exploitation and manipulation of living organisms or biological systems, in the development or manufacture of a product…
(Encyclopedia) Dawkins, Richard (Clinton Richard Dawkins), 1941– British evolutionary biologist and ethologist, b. Kenya, Ph.D. Oxford, 1966. He was a research assistant under Nikolaas Tinbergen at…
Meiosis and Sexual ReproductionInheritanceIntroductionGenes at Work: Mendel's BreakthroughMeiosis and Sexual ReproductionGametogenesis in Plants and AnimalsRegulation of Gene Expression in…
(Encyclopedia) Fire, Andrew Zachary, 1959–, American geneticist, b. Palo Alto, Calif., Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1983. After a long association with the Carnegie Institution of…
(Encyclopedia) Capecchi, Mario Renato, 1937–, American geneticist, b. Verona, Italy, Ph.D. Harvard, 1967. On the faculty at Harvard from 1967 to 1973, Capecchi became a professor at the Univ. of Utah…
For thousands of years, farmers have improved their crops by crossbreeding plants that have good traits. They take pollen from one plant and add it to the flowers of another plant to produce a…
(Encyclopedia) mutation, in biology, a sudden, random change in a gene, or unit of hereditary material, that can alter an inheritable characteristic. Most mutations are not beneficial, since any…
IntroductionInheritanceIntroductionGenes at Work: Mendel's BreakthroughMeiosis and Sexual ReproductionGametogenesis in Plants and AnimalsRegulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes and…
(Encyclopedia) Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 1866–1945, American zoologist, b. Lexington, Ky., Ph.D. Johns Hopkins, 1890. He was professor of experimental zoology at Columbia (1904–28) and from 1928 was…
