(Encyclopedia) Brentano, ClemensBrentano, Clemensbrĕntäˈnō [key], 1778–1842, German poet of the romantic school; brother of Bettina von Arnim (see under Arnim, Achim von). While studying at Halle and…
(Encyclopedia) Broch, HermannBroch, Hermannhĕrˈmän brôkh [key], 1886–1951, Austrian novelist. Broch is one of the masters of European modernism. Influenced by Immanuel Kant and Ludwig Wittgenstein,…
(Encyclopedia) zoological garden or zoo, public or private park where living animals are kept for exhibition and study. The menageries and aviaries of China, Egypt, and Rome were famous in ancient…
(Encyclopedia) Schäffle, AlbertSchäffle, Albertälˈbĕrt shĕfˈlə [key], 1831–1903, German economist and sociologist. He taught economics at the universities of Tübingen and Vienna. His views were based…
The first five editions of The Columbia Encyclopedia were published in 1935, 1950, 1963, 1975, and 1993. All editions owe a debt of gratitude to Clark Fisher Ansley, the editor of the first edition,…
(Encyclopedia) Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier deLamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier dezhäN bätēstˈ pyĕr äNtwänˈdə mônāˈ, shəvälyāˈ də lämärkˈ [key],…
(Encyclopedia) Tonti or Tonty, Henri deTonti or Tonty, Henri deboth: äNrēˈ də tôNtēˈ [key], c.1650–1704, French explorer in North America, b. Italy. Serving in the French army, he lost a hand in…
(Encyclopedia) birth defects, abnormalities in physical or mental structure or function that are present at birth. They range from minor to seriously deforming or life-threatening. A major defect of…
(Encyclopedia) Molière, Jean Baptiste PoquelinMolière, Jean Baptiste PoquelinzhäN bätēstˈ pôklăNˈ môlyĕrˈ [key], 1622–73, French playwright and actor, b. Paris; son of a merchant who was upholsterer…
