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Monotheletism

(Encyclopedia) Monotheletism or MonothelitismMonothelitismboth: mənŏthˈə lĭtĭzˌəm [key] [Gr.,=one will], 7th-century opinion condemned as heretical by the Third Council of Constantinople in 680 (see…

Constance, Holy Roman empress

(Encyclopedia) Constance, 1154–98, Holy Roman empress, wife of Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI; daughter of King Roger II of Sicily. She was named heiress of Sicily by her nephew King William II. On his…

Bela IV

(Encyclopedia) Bela IVBela IVbāˈlə, bēˈlə [key], 1206–70, king of Hungary (1235–70), son and successor of Andrew II. He tried to curtail the power of the magnates and set out to recover the…

Innocent III

(Encyclopedia) Innocent III, b. 1160 or 1161, d. 1216, pope (1198–1216), an Italian, b. Anagni, named Lotario di Segni; successor of Celestine III. Innocent III was succeeded by Honorius III. Amid…

Dracula: Fact or Folklore?

Dracula: Fact or Folklore? Have Dracula stories been exaggerated by political enemies and in peasant folklore? by David Johnson While his political enemies, and peasant folklore, have no…

Gelasius I, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Gelasius I, SaintGelasius I, Saintjĭlāˈshēəs [key], d. 496, pope (492–96); successor of St. Felix III (also known as Felix II). He was a firm upholder of the papal supremacy in a…

Stepinac, Aloysius Victor

(Encyclopedia) Stepinac, Aloysius Victor, Croatian, Alojzije Viktor StepinacStepinac, Aloysius Victor,stĕpˈĭnäts [key], 1898–1960, Yugoslav prelate, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, b. Croatia-…

Constantine V, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) Constantine V (Constantine Copronymus), 718–75, Byzantine emperor (741–75), son and successor of Leo III. An able general and administrator, he fought successfully against the Arabs,…

Paul IV

(Encyclopedia) Paul IV, 1476–1559, pope (1555–59), a Neapolitan named Gian Pietro Carafa; successor of Marcellus II. First superior of the Theatines (see Cajetan, Saint), he was sternly ascetic. A…