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Hoorn, Philip de Montmorency, count of

(Encyclopedia)Hoorn or Horn, Philip de Montmorency, count of both: hôrn [key], 1518?–1568, Netherlands nobleman, member of the council of state during the regency of Margaret of Parma. In 1562 he joined with the...

Hildebert of Lavardin

(Encyclopedia)Hildebert of Lavardin hĭlˈdəbərt, lăvˈərdĭn; lävärdăNˈ [key], c.1056–1133, French churchman, bishop of Le Mans (1096–1125), and archbishop of Tours (1125–33). He was taken prisoner w...

Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe

(Encyclopedia)Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe gāôrˈgā gāôrˈgyo͞o-dāzh [key], 1901–65, Romanian Communist leader, b. Moldavia. He joined the Communist party in 1930 and while in prison (1933–44) was elected (19...

Gardiner, Sir Christopher

(Encyclopedia)Gardiner, Sir Christopher, fl. 1630–32, figure in the early history of the Massachusetts Bay colony. When the Puritans arrived in Massachusetts Bay in 1630, they found that Gardiner had preceded the...

jubilee

(Encyclopedia)jubilee jo͞oˈbĭlē [key], in the Bible, a year when alienated property and land were restored, slaves were manumitted, debts were forgiven, and a general sabbatical year was observed in agriculture...

Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire

(Encyclopedia)Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire zhôzĕfˈ zhäk sāzĕrˈ zhôˈfrə [key], 1852–1931, marshal of France. He began his career as a military engineer in the French colonies and was appointed French ...

Maurer, Ion Gheorghe

(Encyclopedia)Maurer, Ion Gheorghe yôn gāôrˈgā [key], 1902–2000, Romanian statesman. A lawyer, he defended Romanian Communists in the 1930s and later became (1945) a member of the central committee of the Co...

Morrow, Dwight Whitney

(Encyclopedia)Morrow, Dwight Whitney, 1873–1931, American banker and diplomat, b. Huntington, W.Va. He practiced law in New York City and entered (1914) the banking house of J. P. Morgan & Company. After the ...

Native American Church

(Encyclopedia)Native American Church, Native American religious group whose beliefs blend fundamentalist Christian elements with pan–Native American moral principles. The movement began among the Kiowa about 1890...

Oxnam, Garfield Bromley

(Encyclopedia)Oxnam, Garfield Bromley ŏkˈsnăm, –snəm [key], 1891–1963, American Methodist bishop, b. Sonora, Calif., grad. Univ. of Southern California (B.A., 1913) and Boston Univ., 1915. He was ordained i...