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George William

(Encyclopedia)George William, 1597–1640, elector of Brandenburg (1619–40). Mild and irresolute, he was a Calvinist, yet he ruled a Lutheran people. He failed to turn the strategic position of Brandenburg to adv...

Gripsholm

(Encyclopedia)Gripsholm grĭps-hôlmˈ [key], castle, SE Sweden, near Stockholm, on Malaren Lake. Now an art museum, it was begun in the 1380s and was reconstructed by Gustavus I in the 16th cent. ...

Borås

(Encyclopedia)Borås bo͞orōsˈ [key], city, Älvsborg co., SW Sweden, on the Viskan River. It is a transp...

Ystad

(Encyclopedia)Ystad üˈstäd [key], city (1990 pop. 15,670), Malmöhus co., S Sweden, a seaport on the Baltic Sea. It is a commercial and industrial center and a popular summer resort. Iron, steel, and dairy produ...

Alfonso III, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia)Alfonso III, 1210–79, king of Portugal (1248–79), son of Alfonso II, brother and successor of Sancho II. By his marriage with Matilda, countess of Boulogne, he became count of Boulogne and thus wa...

Alexander III, czar of Russia

(Encyclopedia)Alexander III, 1845–94, czar of Russia (1881–94), son and successor of Alexander II. Factors that contributed to Alexander's reactionary policies included his father's assassination, his limited i...

Alexander III, king of Macedon

(Encyclopedia)Alexander III, king of Macedon: see Alexander the Great. ...

Alexander III, king of Scotland

(Encyclopedia)Alexander III, 1241–86, king of Scotland (1249–86), son and successor of Alexander II. He married a daughter of Henry III of England and quarreled with Henry, and later Henry's son Edward I, over ...

Charles III, king of Hungary

(Encyclopedia)Charles III, king of Hungary: see Charles VI, Holy Roman emperor. ...

Charles III, king of Naples

(Encyclopedia)Charles III (Charles of Durazzo), 1345–86, king of Naples (1381–86) and, as Charles II, of Hungary (1385–86); great-grandson of Charles II of Naples. Adopted as a child by Joanna I of Naples, he...