Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Confucianism

(Encyclopedia)Confucianism kənfyo͞oˈshənĭzəm [key], moral and religious system of China. Its origins go back to the Analects (see Chinese literature), the sayings attributed to Confucius, and to ancient comme...

Bolshevism and Menshevism

(Encyclopedia)Bolshevism and Menshevism bōlˈshəvĭzəm, bŏlˈ–, mĕnˈshəvĭzəm [key], the two main branches of Russian socialism from 1903 until the consolidation of the Bolshevik dictatorship under Lenin ...

Barbados

(Encyclopedia)CE5 Barbados bärbāˈdōz [key], island state (2020 est. pop. 287,371), 166 sq mi (430 sq km), in ...

Diaspora

(Encyclopedia)Diaspora dīăsˈpərə [key] [Gr.,=dispersion], term used today to denote the Jewish communities living outside the Holy Land. It was originally used to designate the dispersal of the Jews at the tim...

Concordat of 1801

(Encyclopedia)Concordat of 1801, agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII that reestablished the Roman Catholic Church in France. Napoleon took the initiative in negotiating this agreement; he recogni...

Correa Delgado, Rafael Vicente

(Encyclopedia)Correa Delgado, Rafael Vicente räfäālˈ vēsānˈtā kōrāˈä delgäˈᵺō [key], 1963–, Ecuadorian economist and political leader, president of Ecuador (2007–2017), b. Guayaquil. A leftist ...

Clyburn, Jim

(Encyclopedia) Clyburn, Jim (James Enos Clyburn), 1940- , African-American politician, b. Sumter, S.C., S.C. State College (B.A.). Clyburn’s father was a fundament...

Modi, Narendra Damodardas

(Encyclopedia)Modi, Narendra Damodardas närĕnˈdrä dämōdärdäsˈ mōdē [key], 1950–, Indian politician. A member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, a right-wing, paramilitary Hindu nationalist group and t...

Nenets Autonomous Area

(Encyclopedia)Nenets Autonomous Area nyĕˈnyĭts [key], administrative division (1990 est. pop. 55,000), 68,224 sq mi (176,700 sq km), extreme NE European Russia. Formed in 1929, the area forms the northern part o...

Kamenev, Lev Borisovich

(Encyclopedia)Kamenev, Lev Borisovich lyĕf bərēˈsəvĭch käˈmĭnyĭf [key], 1883–1936, Soviet Communist leader. His original name was Rosenfeld. He joined (1901) the Social Democratic party and sided with t...