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Château d'If

(Encyclopedia)Château d'If shätōˌdēfˈ [key], castle built in 1524 on the small rocky isle of If, in the Mediterranean Sea off Marseilles, SE France. Long used as a state prison, it was made famous by Alexandr...

Charles III, king of Navarre

(Encyclopedia)Charles III (Charles the Good), 1361–1425, king of Navarre (1387–1425), count of Évreux; son and successor of Charles II. He settled (1404) his inherited differences with France and later tried t...

Fontenoy

(Encyclopedia)Fontenoy fôNtənwäˈ [key], village, Hainaut prov., SW Belgium, near Tournai. There, in 1745, Count Maurice de Saxe, in his most celebrated victory, led the French against the British and their alli...

Bouvines

(Encyclopedia)Bouvines bo͞ovēnˈ [key], village, Nord dept., N France, in Flanders. In a battle there in 1214, Philip II of France defeated the joint forces of King John of England, Emperor Otto IV, and the count...

Fowler, Sir John

(Encyclopedia)Fowler, Sir John, 1817–98, English engineer. With Benjamin Baker, he designed and built the Forth Bridge (1882–90) in Scotland, the first major structure made of steel. He also designed much of th...

Monte Cristo

(Encyclopedia)Monte Cristo mŏnˌtē krĭsˈtō, Ital. mônˈtā krēˈstō [key], unpopulated, rocky island, 6 sq mi (15.5 sq km), belonging to Italy, in the Tyrrhenian Sea between Corsica and the Italian coast. I...

Pápa

(Encyclopedia)Pápa päˈpŏ [key], town (1991 est. pop. 33,500), W Hungary, in a grain- and beet-growing area. It is an industrial town; textiles, cigars, and footwear are among the major products. Pápa has sever...

Philip I, king of France

(Encyclopedia)Philip I, 1052–1108, king of France (1060–1108), son and successor of Henry I. He enlarged, by arms and by diplomacy, his small royal domain. In order to prevent the union of England and Normandy ...

Timrod, Henry

(Encyclopedia)Timrod, Henry, 1828–67, American poet, b. Charleston, S.C., studied at the Univ. of Georgia. He was known as “the laureate of the Confederacy.” Timrod became editor of the Columbia South Carolin...

Neuwied

(Encyclopedia)Neuwied noiˈvētˌ [key], city (1994 pop. 65,047), Rhineland-Palatinate, W Germany, a port at the confluence of the Rhine and Wied rivers. Manufactures of this industrial city include building materi...