Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Soares, Mário

(Encyclopedia)Soares, Mário (Mário Alberto Nobre Lópes Soares) mäˈryo͝o swäˈrəsh [key], 1924–2017, Portuguese politician. Soares rose to prominence as a vocal critic of the regime of António Salazar and...

Briand, Aristide

(Encyclopedia)Briand, Aristide ärēstēdˈ brēäNˈ [key], 1862–1932, French statesman. A lawyer and a Socialist, he entered (1902) the chamber of deputies and helped to draft and pass the law (1905) for separa...

APRA

(Encyclopedia)APRA äˈprä [key] or the Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana, reformist political party in Peru, also called the Partido Aprista. Founded (1924) by Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre while in exile,...

Than Shwe

(Encyclopedia)Than Shwe thän shwā [key], 1933–, Burmese soldier and military dictator of Myanmar. He joined the army in 1953, attended training school, and became a commissioned officer. In 1963 he was named an...

Cresson, Edith

(Encyclopedia)Cresson, Edith ādētˈ krĕsōNˈ [key], 1934–, French politician, b. Edith Campion. After studying at the École des Hautes Études Commerciales, she became a consultant in private industry. Activ...

Himmler, Heinrich

(Encyclopedia)Himmler, Heinrich hīnˈrĭkh hĭmˈlər [key], 1900–1945, German Nazi leader. An early member of the National Socialist German Workers' (Nazi) party, Himmler took part in Adolf Hitler's “beer-hal...

Mikołajczyk, Stanislaus

(Encyclopedia)Mikołajczyk, Stanislaus stänēsˈläs mēkôwīˈchĭk [key], 1901–66, Polish politician and leader of the Polish Peasant party. After the German conquest of Poland, he became vice premier (1941) ...

Tawney, Richard Henry

(Encyclopedia)Tawney, Richard Henry tôˈnē [key], 1880–1962, British economic historian, b. Calcutta (now Kolkata). He was professor at the Univ. of London from 1931 to 1949. A leading socialist, Tawney helped ...

Amato, Giuliano

(Encyclopedia)Amato, Giuliano, 1938–, Italian lawyer and political leader, premier of Italy (1992–93, 2000–2001), b. Turin. He has taught at several universities, including Sapienza Univ. of Rome (1975–97)....

Bauer, Otto

(Encyclopedia)Bauer, Otto bouˈər [key], 1882–1938, Austrian politician. His Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie (1907) advocated creating nation-states to solve the Austro-Hungarian nationalities ...