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Fredro, Alexander

(Encyclopedia)Fredro, Alexander äˌlĕksänˈdĕr frĕˈdrô [key], 1793–1876, Polish comic dramatist. From 1809 to 1814, Fredro served in the Polish regiments of Napoleon I's army, taking part in the invasion o...

Gris, Juan

(Encyclopedia)Gris, Juan hwän grēs [key], 1887–1927, Spanish cubist painter, whose original name was José Victoriano González. After studying in Madrid he settled in Paris in 1906, where he held his first exh...

Ghose, Chinmoy

(Encyclopedia)Ghose, Chinmoy gōsh [key], 1931–, Indian mystic and poet. Orphaned at the age of 12, he went to live at the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in S India, where he stayed for the next 20 years, practicing spiri...

FitzGerald, Edward

(Encyclopedia)FitzGerald, Edward, 1809–83, English man of letters. A dilettante and scholar, FitzGerald spent most of his life living in seclusion in Suffolk. His masterpiece, a translation of The Rubaiyat of Oma...

Flanagan, Richard

(Encyclopedia)Flanagan, Richard, 1961–, Australian novelist, b. Longford, Tasmania, studied Univ. of Tasmania (grad. 1982), Oxford (Rhodes scholar). Flanagan, whose novels explore the past and present of his nati...

Eisenstaedt, Alfred

(Encyclopedia)Eisenstaedt, Alfred, 1898–1995, American photographer, b. Dirschau, Germany (now Tczew, Poland). Widely considered the father of photojournalism, he began creating photo essays in Berlin during the ...

Darwin, Erasmus

(Encyclopedia)Darwin, Erasmus, 1731–1802, English physician and poet. During most of his life he practiced medicine in Lichfield and cultivated a botanical garden. He was a prominent member of the Lichfield liter...

Cotman, John Sell

(Encyclopedia)Cotman, John Sell kŏtˈmən [key], 1782–1842, English landscape painter and etcher. He was a leading representative of the Norwich school. Cotman studied in London and in 1806 settled in Norwich wh...

Schlesinger, Arthur Meier

(Encyclopedia)Schlesinger, Arthur Meier shlĕsˈĭnjər [key], 1888–1965, American historian, b. Xenia, Ohio. After teaching at Ohio State Univ. and the State Univ. of Iowa, he was a professor of history (1924–...

Sheen, Fulton John

(Encyclopedia)Sheen, Fulton John, 1895–1979, American Roman Catholic clergyman, b. El Paso, Ill., grad. St. Viator College, Bourbonnais, Ill. (B.A., 1917; M.A., 1919). He studied at the Catholic Univ. of America ...