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Joseph Rainey

First African American CongressmanBorn: June 21, 1832Birthplace: Georgetown, South Carolina. Rainey was born a slave, but his father bought the family's freedom. During the Civil War, the…

Bristol, city, England

(Encyclopedia) Bristol, city and unitary authority (2021 est. pop. 694,000), SW England, at the confluence of the Avon and Frome rivers. Bristol, a…

Selected Activists and Reformers

Sojourner Truth See also Martin Luther King, Jr., Biography Martin Luther King, Jr., Timeline African-American Religious Leaders Civil Rights Leaders Civil Rights Movement…

National Labor Relations Board

(Encyclopedia) National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), independent agency of the U.S. government created under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act), and amended by the acts of 1947 (…

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

journalist, activistBorn: 1862Birthplace: Holly Springs, Miss. Her parents were slaves when Wells was born and died from yellow fever when she was 14. By 1891 Wells was an outspoken, young free…

Robert Smalls

People Robert Smalls Civil War hero, politician Born: 1839 Birthplace: Beaufort, South Carolina   Smalls was a slave and a pilot of the steamboat Planter, a 300-ton armed vessel. In 1862…