(Encyclopedia) rosin or colophony, hard, brittle, translucent resin, obtained as a solid residue from crude turpentine. Usually pale yellow or amber, its color may vary from brownish-black to…
(Encyclopedia) Schröder, Friedrich LudwigSchröder, Friedrich Ludwigfrēˈdrĭkh l&oomacr;tˈvĭkh shröˈdər [key], 1744–1816, German actor, manager, and dramatist. He introduced Shakespeare in Germany…
(Encyclopedia) Chambers, Sir William, 1723–96, English architect, b. Gothenburg, Sweden. He traveled extensively in the East Indies and in China making drawings of gardens and buildings, many of…
(Encyclopedia) turpentine, yellow to brown semifluid oleoresin exuded from the sapwood of pines, firs, and other conifers. It is made up of two principal components, an essential oil and a type of…
(Encyclopedia) Freer, Charles LangFreer, Charles Langfrēr [key], 1856–1919, American art collector, b. Kingston, N.Y. He gave to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., his entire collection…
(Encyclopedia) Frist, Bill (William Harrison Frist), 1952–, American politician and physician, b. Nashville, Tenn., grad. Princeton (B.A., 1974), Harvard Medical School (M.D., 1978). From a…
(Encyclopedia) happening, an artistic event of a theatrical nature, but usually improvised spontaneously without the framework of a plot. The term originated with the creation and performance in 1959…
(Encyclopedia) Warton, Thomas, 1728–90, English poet and literary historian, grad. Trinity College, Oxford (1747), brother of Joseph Warton. He was ordained and eventually served as professor of…
(Encyclopedia) camphorcamphorkămˈfər [key], C10H16O, white, crystalline solid ketone with a characteristic pungent odor and taste. It melts at 176℃ and boils at 204℃. The natural variety, Japan…
(Encyclopedia) Certosa di PaviaCertosa di Paviachārtôˈzä dē pävēˈä [key], former Carthusian abbey of Pavia. One of the most magnificent of all monastic structures, it has been maintained as a…
