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Indigirka

(Encyclopedia)Indigirka ēndyĭgērˈkə [key], river, NE Siberian Russia, in the Sakha Republic. It rises in the Oymyakon plateau and flows c.1,100 mi (1,770 km) N into the Arctic Ocean. It is navigable (June–Se...

Angarsk

(Encyclopedia)Angarsk əngərskˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 266,000), S Siberian Russia, on the Angara river and the Trans-Siberian RR. A major petrochemical center, its manufactures include fertilizers, synthetic fib...

Kaluga

(Encyclopedia)Kaluga kəlo͞oˈgə [key], city (1989 pop. 311,000), capital of Kaluga region, central European Russia, on the Oka River. It is a river port, railway junction, and an industrial center producing rail...

Kamensk-Shakhtinski

(Encyclopedia)Kamensk-Shakhtinski käˈmyĭnsk-shäkhˈtyĭnskē [key], city (1989 pop. 72,000), SE European Russia, on the Donets River. A mining center of the Donets coal basin, the city is also an important prod...

San Stefano, Treaty of

(Encyclopedia)San Stefano, Treaty of săn stĕfˈənō [key], 1878, peace treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, at the conclusion of the last of the Russo-Turkish Wars; it was signed at San Stefano (now Ye�...

Three Emperors' League

(Encyclopedia)Three Emperors' League, informal alliance among Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia, announced officially in 1872 on the occasion of the meeting of emperors Francis Joseph, William I, and Alexander I...

Chmielnicki, Bohdan

(Encyclopedia)Chmielnicki, Khmelnytskyy or Khmelnitsky, Bohdan all: bəkhdänˈ khmĕlnētˈskē [key], c.1595–1657, hetman (leader) of Ukraine. An educated member of the Ukrainian gentry, he early joined the Ukr...

Ehrenburg, Ilya Grigoryevich

(Encyclopedia)Ehrenburg, Ilya Grigoryevich ēlyäˈ grĭgôrˈyəvĭch āˈrənbo͝ork [key], 1891–1967, Russian journalist and novelist, whose name is also spelled Erenburg. He wandered throughout Western Europe...

Harbin

(Encyclopedia)Harbin härˈbĭn [key], Rus. Kharbin, city (1994 est. pop. 2,505,200), capital of Heilongjiang prov., China, on the Songhua River. It is the major trade and communications center of central Manchuria...

Vyborg

(Encyclopedia)Vyborg vĭˈbərk [key], Finnish Viipuri, Swed. Viborg, city (1989 pop. 81,000), NW European Russia, NW of St. Petersburg and near the Finnish border, on Vyborg Bay and the Gulf of Finland. A Baltic p...